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Medical Channel Journal
2025, Volume 31, Issue 2 : 1-9
Research Article
Clinical Profile of Patients with Acute Pancreatitis
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1
Department of General Medicine, Central Medical College, New Delhi, India
2
Department of Gastroenterology, Central Medical College, New Delhi, India
3
Department of Community Medicine, Central Medical College, New Delhi, India
Abstract

Background: Acute pancreatitis is an acute inflammatory disorder of the pancreas with a clinical spectrum ranging from mild self-limiting disease to severe necrotizing pancreatitis associated with multiorgan failure and high mortality. Early recognition of disease severity is crucial for optimizing management and improving outcomes.Objective: To evaluate the demographic characteristics, clinical presentation, etiological factors, laboratory findings, radiological features, complications, treatment modalities, and clinical outcomes among hospitalized patients with acute pancreatitis.Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted on 230 adult patients admitted with acute pancreatitis over an 18-month period. Demographic details, clinical presentation, biochemical investigations, imaging findings, severity scores, complications, treatment, and outcomes were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical methods.Results: The mean age of patients was 47.6 ± 14.2 years, with males accounting for 66.5% of cases. Gallstones (46.5%) and alcohol consumption (38.3%) were the leading etiological factors. Severe abdominal pain (97.8%), nausea/vomiting (84.3%), abdominal tenderness (82.2%), and fever (36.1%) were the common presenting features. Mild pancreatitis occurred in 69.1% of patients, moderately severe disease in 20.9%, and severe pancreatitis in 10.0%. Pancreatic necrosis developed in 13.0%, acute respiratory distress syndrome in 8.3%, acute kidney injury in 9.1%, ICU admission was required in 14.8%, and overall mortality was 5.7%.Conclusion: Gallstones and alcohol remain the predominant causes of acute pancreatitis. Early diagnosis, prompt supportive management, adequate fluid resuscitation, and timely identification of severe disease significantly reduce complications and mortality.

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