Background: Cesarean delivery is one of the most frequently performed surgical procedures worldwide. Although it is a life-saving intervention for both mother and fetus when medically indicated, cesarean section is associated with increased maternal and neonatal morbidity compared to vaginal delivery. Evaluation of postoperative and neonatal outcomes is essential for improving obstetric care.Objective: To evaluate maternal and neonatal clinical outcomes following cesarean delivery and identify common postoperative complications among women undergoing cesarean section.Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted among 300 women who underwent cesarean delivery at a tertiary care teaching hospital. Maternal demographic characteristics, indications for cesarean section, intraoperative findings, postoperative complications, neonatal outcomes, duration of hospital stay, and maternal recovery were analyzed.Results: The mean maternal age was 28.7 ± 4.9 years. Emergency cesarean deliveries accounted for 64.3% of cases, while elective procedures represented 35.7%. Previous cesarean section (28.3%), fetal distress (22.7%), cephalopelvic disproportion (16.7%), non-progress of labor (14.3%), and malpresentation (10.0%) were the most common indications. Postoperative complications occurred in 19.3% of women, with surgical site infection (6.7%), postpartum hemorrhage (4.3%), urinary tract infection (3.7%), and wound dehiscence (2.3%) being the most frequent. Neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission was required in 11.0% of newborns, while overall neonatal survival was 98.7%.Conclusion: Cesarean delivery generally results in favorable maternal and neonatal outcomes; however, postoperative complications remain relatively common, particularly following emergency procedures. Appropriate patient selection, adherence to surgical protocols, infection prevention, and comprehensive postoperative care can improve outcomes.